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Byko's serious breaches of competition law confirmed and fine increased

16 August 2018
Snowcap Mountain

 Héraðsdómur Reykjavíkur hefur í dag staðfest að Byko hafi framið alvarleg brot á samkeppnislögum og hækkað álagða sekt í 400 mkr. Áfrýjunarnefnd samkeppnismála hafði talið 65 mkr. sekt hæfilega.

The background to the case is that in May 2015, the Competition Authority concluded that Byko had breached competition law and the EEA Agreement through extensive illegal collusion with the former Húsasmiðjan. This concerned price-fixing on important building materials. The case began when Múrbúðin approached the Competition Authority and reported attempts by Byko and the former Húsasmiðjan to get Múrbúðin to take part in the illegal collusion. The Competition Authority considered this to be a serious infringement and imposed a 650 million króna fine on Norvik, Byko's parent company.

Norvik and Byko appealed the decision of the Competition Authority to the Competition Appeals Board. In October 2015, the board concluded that Byko had participated in illegal price-fixing and breached competition law. However, the panel did not find that the provisions of the EEA Agreement had been breached. The panel also considered that Byko's infringement was not as serious as the Competition Authority had assumed. The panel therefore deemed it appropriate to reduce Byko's fine from 650 million krónur to 65 million krónur.

Samkvæmt samkeppnislögum er Samkeppniseftirlitinu falið að meta hvort þeir almannahagsmunir, sem felast í virkri samkeppni, kalli á að úrskurðir áfrýjunarnefndar samkeppnismála séu bornir undir dómstóla. Jafnframt er Samkeppniseftirlitinu falið að beita samkeppnisreglum EES-samningsins. Samkeppniseftirlitið höfðaði því mál fyrir héraðsdómi þar sem eftirlitið byggði á því að áfrýjunarnefnd samkeppnismála hefði túlkað EES-samninginn með röngum hætti. Einnig hefði nefndin ekki lagt rétt mat á alvarleika brota Byko og sekt nefndarinnar gæti ekki tryggt fullnægjandi varnaðaráhrif. Slík áhrif eru mikilvæg til að stuðla að því að fyrirtæki raski ekki samkeppni, neytendum til tjóns. Samkeppniseftirlitið krafðist þess að sekt Byko yrði hækkuð.

Með dómi sínum í dag féllst Héraðsdómur Reykjavíkur á að brot Byko hefðu verið alvarleg og hækkaði sekt félagsins í 400 mkr. Að mati héraðsdóms geti það ekki „verið nokkrum vafa undirorpið að um var að ræða samráð í skilningi samkeppnisréttar.“ Með háttsemi sinni hafi félögin haldið uppi vöruverði og bætt framlegð sína á kostnað viðskiptavina. Í dómnum segir að sekt áfrýjunarnefndar hafi verið „of lág. Hér hefur helst þýðingu að um alvarlegt brot var að ræða á markaði milli markaðsráðandi fyrirtækja sem framin voru í þeim tilgangi að styrkja stöðu þeirra á kostnað neytenda. Var með því brotið gegn mikilvægum hagsmunum þorra almennings.“ Einnig féllst dómurinn á það að ákvæði EES-samningsins hefðu verið brotin.

Background information:

The offences in this case are not related to the current operators of Húsasmiðjan. The investigation into Húsasmiðjan's involvement in the case concluded in July 2014. In a settlement dated 9 July 2014, the former operator of Húsasmiðjan, Holtavegur 10 ehf., acknowledged that the old Húsasmiðjan had engaged in illegal collusion with Byko.

In accordance with its statutory role, the Competition Authority referred the directors and employees of Byko and the former Húsasmiðjan to the police for their part in the collusion. In a Supreme Court judgment in case no. 360/2015, eight employees of the companies were found guilty.

Eftirlitsstofnun EFTA taldi þetta mál fyrir Héraðsdómi Reykjavíkur „raise important questions regarding the interpretation of EEA law.“ Beitti hún í fyrsta sinn hér á landi heimild til þess að leggja fram athugasemdir í málum fyrir dómstólum EFTA-ríkjanna. Sjá nánar hér:

http://www.eftasurv.int/press–publications/press-releases/competition/nr/2690

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