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Due to a misunderstanding in the back pages of Fréttablaðið

17 August 2018
Snowcap Mountain

Í bakþönkum Fréttablaðsins í dag, undir fyrirsögninni „ekki svo flókið“, kemur fram sá skilningur höfundar að Hagar og Olís hafi þurft að bíða í 14 mánuði upp á von og óvon á meðan Samkeppniseftirlitið geri upp hug sinn um samruna fyrirtækjanna. Þessu sé öðruvísi farið í Bandaríkjunum, en þar í landi hafi samkeppnisyfirvöld samþykkt 1.500 milljarða króna risakaup Amazon á Whole Foods á aðeins tveimur mánuðum. 

Við þessa lýsingu er a.m.k. tvennt að athuga: 

  • Það er ekki af völdum Samkeppniseftirlitsins, heldur yfirtökufyrirtækisins Haga, að samruni félagsins við Olís er enn til meðferðar. Rannsókn á málinu hófst þegar tilkynning um samrunann barst þann 26. september 2017. Undir lok hins lögbundna frests til rannsóknar málsins, þann 8. mars, hugðist Samkeppniseftirlitið taka ákvörðun í málinu. Sjá News vegna afturköllunarinnar.  

    Rétt fyrir birtingu ákvörðunarinnar afturkölluðu Hagar hins vegar samrunatilkynninguna. Því kom ekki til þess að eftirlitið gæti tekið ákvörðun í málinu. Samhliða boðuðu Hagar að tilkynnt yrði um samrunann að nýju, þar sem lagðar yrðu fram tillögur að skilyrðum sem til þess væru fallnar að ryðja úr vegi samkeppnishindrunum sem Samkeppniseftirlitið telur að stafi af samrunanum. Hin nýja tilkynning barst þann 27. mars 2018 og er hún nú til rannsóknar.

    Í tilviki samruna N1 og Festi var sama staða uppi en N1 dró samrunatilkynningu vegna þess samruna til baka á lokadegi þeirrar rannsóknar þann 17. apríl sl. Sjá Newsvegna afturköllunarinnar.
     

  • Þá er það ekki rétt sem haldið fram að velta fyrirtækja sé mælikvarði á það hversu flókin samrunamál eru. Það eru áhrif samruna á samkeppni en ekki velta viðkomandi fyrirtækja sem ræður því hvort samrunamál teljast flókin eða ekki.

    Í pistlinum er tekið sem dæmi að það hafi aðeins tekið bandarísk samkeppnisyfirvöld tvo mánuði að samþykkja kaup Amazon á Whole Foods „matvörurisanum“. Hlutdeild Whole Foods á bandaríska dagvörumarkaðnum var 1,4% og Amazon rak engar matvöruverslanir. Sökum þessa töldu bandarísk samkeppnisyfirvöld þennan samruna ekki flókin í samkeppnislegum skilningi og var hann heimilaður á fyrsta fasa.

    Ef samrunamál eru flókin í samkeppnislegum skilningi taka þau lengri tíma í Bandaríkjunum. Í október 2016 var tilkynnt um samruna AT&T og Time Warner. Niðurstaða í því máli lá fyrir 12. júní 2018.

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